Journal: Bioactive Materials

Article Title: An intelligent nanoliposome alleviates disc degeneration and discogenic pain by inhibiting neurovascular ingrowth via a “Soil-conditioning, seed-modulating, and weeds-suppressing” strategy

doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2025.11.048

Figure Lengend Snippet: NM-LP TK /RSV-MnCDs alleviates discogenic pain in IVDD. (A) Experimental timeline schematic. (B–C) Open-field behavioral analysis showing locomotor activity parameters (active time, central mean speed, total distance, and mean speed) across groups (n = 5). (D–E) PWL and PWT test showing alleviation of thermal and mechanical allodynia by NM-LP TK /RSV-MnCDs in LSI mice (n = 5). (F–G) IHC staining and quantification analyses of DRG sections showing expression of sensory neuropeptides CGRP and SP (n = 5). Scale bar, 100 μm. (H–I) IF co-labeling of PGP9.5 and CGRP/SP in DRG, and corresponding quantification analyses (n = 5). Scale bar, 100 μm. Data are presented as mean ± SD. For comparisons among multiple groups at a single time point, one-way ANOVA followed was employed to determine statistical significance. For datasets involving multiple groups evaluated over time, including PWL and PWT assessments, a two-way repeated measures ANOVA was utilized. ∗, P < 0.05; ∗∗, P < 0.01; ∗∗∗, P < 0.001; ∗∗∗∗, P < 0.0001; ns = not significant.

Article Snippet: For immunofluorescence (IF) staining, antigen retrieval was conducted using citrate buffer (0.1 M, pH 6.0), followed by blocking in 10 % normal goat serum (Solarbio, Cat. No. SL038) at room temperature for 1 h. Sections were incubated overnight at 4 °C with primary antibodies targeting ACAN (Cat. No. DF7561, Affinity), COL2A1 (Cat. No. AF0135, Affinity), MMP3 (Cat. No. AF0217, Affinity), MMP13 (Cat. No. 18165-1-AP, Proteintech), CD31 (Cat. No. AF0077, Affinity), p-LATS1 (Cat. No. AF7170, Affinity), p-YAP (Cat. No. AF3328, Affinity), Tuj1 (Cat. No. 66375, Proteintech), CGRP (Cat. No. DF7386, Affinity), SP (Cat. No. DF7522, Affinity), and PGP9.5 (Cat. No. AF5490, Affinity) followed by incubation with appropriate fluorescent secondary antibodies for 2 h at room temperature and counterstaining with DAPI (Beyotime, Cat. No. C1006).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Immunohistochemistry, Expressing, Labeling

Journal: Arthritis Research & Therapy

Article Title: IRF7 orchestrates proinflammatory macrophage polarization and joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis

doi: 10.1186/s13075-025-03708-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: Increased frequency and proinflammatory signature of CD48 high S100A12 + macrophages in rheumatoid arthritis synovium. A UMAP visualization of synovial macrophages clustered into nine subpopulations on the basis of scRNA-seq data. B Disease-stratified analysis showing an increased proportion of CD48 high S100A12 + macrophages in the RA synovium compared with those in the UA, OA, and HC groups. C UMAP plots depicting S100A12 expression intensity across macrophage subclusters in different disease states. D Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment of biological processes in CD48 high S100A12 + marker genes, highlighting enrichment for defense response activation, cytokine production, and leukocyte migration. E Representative images of CD68 and S100A12 immunofluorescence staining in knee synovial tissues from RA and OA patients. Scale bar: 100 μm

Article Snippet: Double immunofluorescence staining was performed as follows: sections were incubated overnight at 4 °C with primary antibodies against CD68 (mouse monoclonal, 1:100 dilution; 66231-2-Ig, Proteintech, China) with S100A12 (rabbit polyclonal, 1:100 dilution; 16630-1-AP, Proteintech, China) or CD68 (1:100 dilution; 66231-2-Ig) with IRF7 (rabbit polyclonal, 1:150 dilution; 22392-1-AP, Proteintech, China).

Techniques: Expressing, Marker, Activation Assay, Migration, Immunofluorescence, Staining

Journal: Arthritis Research & Therapy

Article Title: IRF7 orchestrates proinflammatory macrophage polarization and joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis

doi: 10.1186/s13075-025-03708-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: IRF7 is a specific transcriptional regulator of CD48 high S100A12 + macrophages. A Venn diagram showing overlapping transcription factors (TFs) identified by triplicate SCENIC analyses, with the CD48 high S100A12 + subcluster enriched for NFIL3, TGIF1, FOSL2, IRF7, and STAT1. B Heatmap of regulon activity scores (RASs) for TFs across macrophage subclusters. C Ranking of TFs in CD48 high S100A12 + macrophages by the regulon specificity score (RSS, calculated via Jensen‒Shannon divergence). D UMAP dimensionality reduction of TF activity profiles across subclusters. E – F UMAP plots highlighting spatial overlap between the CD48 high S100A12 + subcluster. ( E ) and cells with elevated IRF7 regulon activity ( F ). G Representative images of immunofluorescence staining for CD68 and IRF7 in knee synovial tissues from RA and OA patients. Scale bar: 100 μm

Article Snippet: Double immunofluorescence staining was performed as follows: sections were incubated overnight at 4 °C with primary antibodies against CD68 (mouse monoclonal, 1:100 dilution; 66231-2-Ig, Proteintech, China) with S100A12 (rabbit polyclonal, 1:100 dilution; 16630-1-AP, Proteintech, China) or CD68 (1:100 dilution; 66231-2-Ig) with IRF7 (rabbit polyclonal, 1:150 dilution; 22392-1-AP, Proteintech, China).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Immunofluorescence, Staining

Journal: Arthritis Research & Therapy

Article Title: IRF7 orchestrates proinflammatory macrophage polarization and joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis

doi: 10.1186/s13075-025-03708-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: IRF7 directly regulates downstream inflammatory genes in M1 macrophages. A ChIP-seq peak heatmaps showing increased IRF7 binding to promoter/enhancer regions in LPS-stimulated M1 macrophages. B Venn diagram of 108 overlapping genes from the IRF7 ChIP-seq data and the SCENIC-predicted target genes. C Reactome pathway enrichment of IRF7-regulated genes, highlighting the involvement of NF-κB, TNF, and Toll-like receptor signalling (key genes: IL-1β, FOS, NF-κB1, PTGS2, and CXCL10). D Bulk RNA-seq heatmap showing the upregulation of IRF7 and target genes in M1-polarized macrophages ( GSE130011 , GSE154346 ). E UMAP plots of NFKB1, PTGS2, IL1B, and CXCL10 expression in the CD48 high S100A12 + subcluster. F RT‒qPCR analysis of IRF7 and M1 marker genes in siRNA-treated macrophages (performed in triplicate, with 3 distinct patient sources used for each repetition). G – H Western blot validation of IRF7 and downstream protein expression following IRF7 knockdown in M1-polarized macrophages (performed in triplicate, with 3 distinct patient sources used for each repetition). Statistical significance: * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001 (one-way ANOVA with the Bonferroni post hoc correction)

Article Snippet: Double immunofluorescence staining was performed as follows: sections were incubated overnight at 4 °C with primary antibodies against CD68 (mouse monoclonal, 1:100 dilution; 66231-2-Ig, Proteintech, China) with S100A12 (rabbit polyclonal, 1:100 dilution; 16630-1-AP, Proteintech, China) or CD68 (1:100 dilution; 66231-2-Ig) with IRF7 (rabbit polyclonal, 1:150 dilution; 22392-1-AP, Proteintech, China).

Techniques: ChIP-sequencing, Binding Assay, RNA Sequencing, Expressing, Marker, Western Blot, Biomarker Discovery, Knockdown

Journal: Arthritis Research & Therapy

Article Title: IRF7 orchestrates proinflammatory macrophage polarization and joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis

doi: 10.1186/s13075-025-03708-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: Local IRF7 knockdown alters the immune cell composition in CIA mice. A Schematic of intra-articular IRF7 siRNA treatment in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model mice. B – C Flow cytometry analysis of the CD86 and CD206 mean fluorescence intensities (MFIs) in F4/80 + macrophages from ankle joints ( n = 6). CD86: NC: 1241 ± 265.4, si-IRF7: 2469 ± 390.3, positive: 3489 ± 570.9, si-mock: 3689 ± 370.1. CD206: NC: 2225 ± 225.9, si-IRF7: 3395 ± 369.4, positive: 978.2 ± 147.9, si-mock: 2022 ± 170.6. D – E Frequencies of Foxp3 + Tregs among CD3 + CD4 + T cells ( n = 6). NC: 1.66% ± 0.15%, si-IRF7: 3.27% ± 0.28%, positive: 0.47% ± 0.17%, si-mock: 1.10% ± 0.22%. F Immunofluorescence staining for S100A12 + inflammatory macrophages in the ankle synovium of different groups. Scale bar: 100 μm. The data are presented as the means ± SDs. Statistical significance: *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001 (one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc correction)

Article Snippet: Double immunofluorescence staining was performed as follows: sections were incubated overnight at 4 °C with primary antibodies against CD68 (mouse monoclonal, 1:100 dilution; 66231-2-Ig, Proteintech, China) with S100A12 (rabbit polyclonal, 1:100 dilution; 16630-1-AP, Proteintech, China) or CD68 (1:100 dilution; 66231-2-Ig) with IRF7 (rabbit polyclonal, 1:150 dilution; 22392-1-AP, Proteintech, China).

Techniques: Knockdown, Flow Cytometry, Fluorescence, Immunofluorescence, Staining

Journal: Arthritis Research & Therapy

Article Title: IRF7 orchestrates proinflammatory macrophage polarization and joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis

doi: 10.1186/s13075-025-03708-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: Local IRF7 inhibition attenuates joint inflammation and bone erosion in CIA mice. A Representative ankle joint images on day 42 postimmunization. B H&E staining and histological staining. C - E IHC staining for CD68, S100A12, and IRF7 in the ankle synovium. Scale bar: 100 μm. F Quantification of paw thickness at the ankle joint ( n = 6 per group). 42 Days after the first immunization: NC: 8.33 ± 0.02, si-IRF7: 10.39 ± 0.54, positive: 12.08 ± 0.80, si-mock: 12.65 ± 0.57, Statistical significance: **** P < 0.0001 (one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc correction). G H&E staining and histological scoring of synovial hyperplasia and inflammation ( n = 6). NC: 0.00 (0.00–0.00), si-IRF7: 1.50 (1.00–2.25), positive: 2.50 (1.75–3.00), and si-mock: 3.00 (2.75–3.00). Data are shown as medians with 25% − 75% percentiles. Statistical significance: * P < 0.05 (Kruskal‒Wallis test, followed by post hoc Dunn’s test with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons). H - J Semiquantitative analysis analysis of CD68, S100A12, and IRF7 expression via IHC staining via ImageJ ( n = 6). Statistical significance: **** P < 0.0001 (one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc correction)

Article Snippet: Double immunofluorescence staining was performed as follows: sections were incubated overnight at 4 °C with primary antibodies against CD68 (mouse monoclonal, 1:100 dilution; 66231-2-Ig, Proteintech, China) with S100A12 (rabbit polyclonal, 1:100 dilution; 16630-1-AP, Proteintech, China) or CD68 (1:100 dilution; 66231-2-Ig) with IRF7 (rabbit polyclonal, 1:150 dilution; 22392-1-AP, Proteintech, China).

Techniques: Inhibition, Staining, Immunohistochemistry, Expressing

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Screening of key genes related to disulfidptosis in psoriasis based on the analysis of WGCNA

doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-28457-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: A-F:Box plot of target gene expression differences.The p values of all genes were less than 0.05, but the expression levels of SLC7A11 ( A ), S100A12 ( B ), GYS1 ( C ) and FRK ( D ) genes in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group; and the expression levels of MYH10 ( E ) and HECW2 ( F ) genes in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group.

Article Snippet: Primary antibodies used included GYS1 polyclonal antibody (1:100, Cat. 10,566–1-AP, Proteintech), S100A12 polyclonal antibody (1:100, Cat. 16,630–1-AP, Proteintech), and SLC7A11 polyclonal antibody (1:200, Cat. 26,864–1-AP, Proteintech).

Techniques: Targeted Gene Expression, Expressing, Control

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Screening of key genes related to disulfidptosis in psoriasis based on the analysis of WGCNA

doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-28457-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: F:Gene ROC curve. SLC7A11 ( A ) and S100A12 ( B ) are potential ideal biomarkers, followed by GYS1 ( C ) and FRK ( D ), and MYH10 ( E ) and HECW2 ( F ) can be used as complementary indicators.

Article Snippet: Primary antibodies used included GYS1 polyclonal antibody (1:100, Cat. 10,566–1-AP, Proteintech), S100A12 polyclonal antibody (1:100, Cat. 16,630–1-AP, Proteintech), and SLC7A11 polyclonal antibody (1:200, Cat. 26,864–1-AP, Proteintech).

Techniques: